Initial commit: SUB-OS 64-Bit Production Monolithic Operating System with LazyBox userland suite

drivers/block/ata.c

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#include <drivers/ata.h>
+#include <arch/x86_64/io.h>
+#include <kernel/printk.h>
+#include <lib/string.h>
+
+static ata_device_t primary_master;
+
+static void ata_wait_ready(uint16_t io_base) {
+    // 400ns delay
+    inb(io_base + 7);
+    inb(io_base + 7);
+    inb(io_base + 7);
+    inb(io_base + 7);
+
+    while (inb(io_base + 7) & 0x80); // Wait while BSY (Busy) bit is set
+}
+
+static void ata_wait_drq(uint16_t io_base) {
+    while (!(inb(io_base + 7) & 0x08)); // Wait while DRQ (Data Request) bit is clear
+}
+
+bool ata_init(void) {
+    memset(&primary_master, 0, sizeof(ata_device_t));
+
+    // Select Primary Master (Drive 0, LBA mode)
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 6, 0xA0);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 2, 0);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 3, 0);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 4, 0);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 5, 0);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 7, 0xEC); // IDENTIFY Command
+
+    uint8_t status = inb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 7);
+    if (status == 0 || status == 0xFF) {
+        return false; // No drive
+    }
+
+    ata_wait_ready(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+    uint8_t mid = inb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 4);
+    uint8_t hi  = inb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 5);
+    if (mid != 0 || hi != 0) {
+        return false; // ATAPI or not ATA
+    }
+
+    ata_wait_drq(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+    uint16_t identify_data[256];
+    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+        identify_data[i] = inw(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+    }
+
+    primary_master.present = true;
+    primary_master.is_master = true;
+    primary_master.sector_count = (uint32_t)identify_data[60] | ((uint32_t)identify_data[61] << 16);
+
+    // Model String (Words 27-46, byte-swapped)
+    char* model_ptr = (char*)&identify_data[27];
+    for (int i = 0; i < 40; i += 2) {
+        primary_master.model[i] = model_ptr[i + 1];
+        primary_master.model[i + 1] = model_ptr[i];
+    }
+    primary_master.model[40] = '\0';
+
+    // Trim trailing spaces in model
+    for (int i = 39; i >= 0 && primary_master.model[i] == ' '; i--) {
+        primary_master.model[i] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    printk(KERN_INFO "ATA: Primary Master Disk: %s (%llu MB, %u sectors)\n",
+           primary_master.model,
+           ((uint64_t)primary_master.sector_count * 512) / (1024 * 1024),
+           primary_master.sector_count);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ata_read_sectors(uint32_t lba, uint8_t count, void* buffer) {
+    if (!primary_master.present || !buffer || count == 0) return false;
+
+    ata_wait_ready(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 6, 0xE0 | ((lba >> 24) & 0x0F)); // Master, LBA mode
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 2, count);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 3, (uint8_t)lba);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 4, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8));
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 5, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16));
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 7, 0x20); // READ SECTORS command
+
+    uint16_t* ptr = (uint16_t*)buffer;
+
+    for (uint8_t s = 0; s < count; s++) {
+        ata_wait_ready(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+        ata_wait_drq(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+            *ptr++ = inw(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ata_write_sectors(uint32_t lba, uint8_t count, const void* buffer) {
+    if (!primary_master.present || !buffer || count == 0) return false;
+
+    ata_wait_ready(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 6, 0xE0 | ((lba >> 24) & 0x0F));
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 2, count);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 3, (uint8_t)lba);
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 4, (uint8_t)(lba >> 8));
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 5, (uint8_t)(lba >> 16));
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 7, 0x30); // WRITE SECTORS command
+
+    const uint16_t* ptr = (const uint16_t*)buffer;
+
+    for (uint8_t s = 0; s < count; s++) {
+        ata_wait_ready(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+        ata_wait_drq(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+            outw(ATA_PRIMARY_IO, *ptr++);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Flush Cache
+    outb(ATA_PRIMARY_IO + 7, 0xE7);
+    ata_wait_ready(ATA_PRIMARY_IO);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+const ata_device_t* ata_get_primary_master(void) {
+    return &primary_master;
+}